- Laser physics, development and creation of laser systems and technologies for medicine, ecology, industry, metrology and information protection
- Physical and nonlinear optics, the disclosure and use of the patterns of propagation of high-power laser radiation in various media
- Optical spectroscopy, development and application of methods and instruments for studying the properties and structure of various materials, including biotissues
- Nanooptics and Nanomaterials
- Quantum optics, investigation of quantum properties of electromagnetic radiation in computer science and cryptography
- Investigation of the structure and properties of atomic-molecular structures and the creation of new optical materials, systems, instruments and technologies on this base
- Plasma physics and plasma technologies: investigation of the plasma interaction with fields and matter; development and application of methods for plasma diagnostics; development of technological applications of gas-discharge and laser plasma
- Micro- and optoelectronics: LED technology, solar cells, microwave technology, microelectromechanical and sensor systems and devices
- Physics of Fundamental Interactions and Nuclear Reactions: Investigating the Structure of the Microcosm and the Universe
